发展性阅读障碍是学习障碍中占比最高的一类亚型,工作记忆损伤是造成发展性阅读障碍的一个重要因素。在中国知网检索近十年间我国有关发展性阅读障碍工作记忆的相关文献,分析我国研究现状,总结出我国近十年研究集中对工作记忆子成分,即中央执行功能、言语工作记忆、视空间工作记忆缺陷的研究;在干预方面主要包括对工作记忆的干预和通过工作记忆提升阅读能力的干预。基于此,对未来提出三点展望:1) 对发展性阅读障碍工作记忆不同子成分展开实证研究,以不同年龄发展性阅读障碍为研究对象;2) 对发展性阅读障碍的神经机制进行深入研究,对发展性阅读障碍与其他障碍共病开展研究;3) 研究人员与一线教师展开合作,探索教育干预方法。Developmental dyslexia is the subtype with the highest percentage of learning disabilities, and working memory impairment is an important contributor to developmental dyslexia. Search the relevant literature on working memory in developmental dyslexia in China during the past ten years on China Knowledge Network, analyze the current status of research in China, and summarize that the research in China in the past ten years has focused on the subcomponents of working memory, i.e., the central executive function, verbal working memory, and visuospatial working memory deficit. The main aspects of the intervention consisted of an intervention on working memory, and an intervention to improve reading skills through working memory. Based on this, a three-point outlook for the future is proposed: 1) An empirical study of different subcomponents of working memory in developmental dyslexia with age-specific developmental dyslexia;2) In-depth study of the neural mechanisms of developmental dyslexia and research on the co-morbidity of developmental dyslexia with other disorders;3) Researchers collaborate with frontline teachers to explore educational interventions.
