急性坏死性胰腺炎(ANP)是一种严重的胰腺炎症性疾病,常伴有高死亡率和多器官功能障碍。左侧胸腔积液是ANP的常见并发症之一,其发生机制涉及胰腺炎症导致的炎性渗出液通过膈肌裂孔或淋巴管进入胸腔。研究表明,左侧胸腔积液的发生频率与胰腺坏死的范围、感染的存在以及全身炎症反应的强度密切相关。国内外研究在揭示ANP及其并发症的机制方面取得了显著进展,特别是在炎症因子和肠道菌群失调对疾病进展的影响上。影像学检查和实验室分析是诊断左侧胸腔积液的关键手段,而不同的治疗策略可能对积液的发生频率产生不同影响。左侧胸腔积液的存在通常提示病情的严重性,可能与胰腺坏死和感染的程度相关,并对患者的预后产生重要影响。因此,深入研究左侧胸腔积液的发生机制及其影响因素,对于优化ANP的诊断和治疗策略具有重要意义。Acute necrotizing pancreatitis (ANP) is a serious inflammatory disease of the pancreas that is frequently associated with high mortality and multiple organ dysfunction. Left pleural effusion is one of the common complications of ANP, and its mechanism involves inflammatory exudates from pancreatitis entering the thoracic cavity through diaphragmatic hiatus or lymphatic vessels. It has been shown that the frequency of left-sided pleural effusion correlates well with the extent of pancreatic necrosis, the presence of infection, and the intensity of the systemic inflammatory response. Studies at home and abroad have made significant progress in revealing the mechanisms of ANP and its complications, especially in the impact of inflammatory factors and intestinal dysbacteriosis on disease progression. Imaging studies and laboratory analysis are critical means of diagnosing left-sided pleural effusions, and different treatment strategies may have different effects on the frequency of effusions. The presence of left-sided pleural effusion usually indica
