肺炎支原体肺炎是儿童常见的社区获得性肺炎类型之一,一般症状较轻且具有自限性。然而,少数病例会出现严重威胁生命的并发症,需要生命支持,这类病例被定义为危重症肺炎支原体肺炎。自2023年起,肺炎支原体在国内外广泛流行,危重症患儿占比呈上升趋势。当前,针对该类危重症患儿的研究较少,且多以病案报道为主,各病例临床表现多样,导致患儿临床特征尚不明确,难以切实有力地支持临床治疗。本综述聚焦于归纳危重症肺炎支原体肺炎患儿的临床特征,以期为临床医生实现早期识别与及时有效治疗提供思路。Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is one of the common types of community-acquired pneumonia in children, typically presents with mild symptoms and exhibits self-limiting properties. However, in a few cases, severe life-threatening complications occur, which require life support. Such cases are defined as fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia. Since 2023, Mycoplasma pneumoniae has been widely prevalent at home and abroad, and the proportion of fulminant children has shown an upward trend. At present, there are limited studies on fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, and most of them are case reports. The clinical manifestations of each case vary, resulting in unclear clinical characteristics of the children, which makes it difficult to provide strong support for clinical treatment. This paper focuses on summarizing the clinical characteristics of children with fulminant Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia, aiming to provide ideas for clinicians to achieve early identification and timely and effective treatment.
肺炎支原体肺炎是儿童常见的社区获得性肺炎,近年来重症病例较前增加,可能遗留肺实质、肺功能损伤等后遗症。在重症病例的早期识别、治疗方案总结中发现:患儿的营养状况可能与其有关,补充营养成分可以提高治疗效果。在多种疾病中发现营养风险与疾病严重程度、预后有相关性。通过探讨重症肺炎支原体肺炎与营养风险的关系,希望后续研究可以从营养角度来识别、治疗,达到减少重症病例、促进患儿康复的目的。Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia is a prevalent form of community-acquired pneumonia in children. In recent years, there has been an increase in the number of severe cases, which may lead to sequelae such as damage to lung parenchyma and impaired lung function. Early identification of severe cases and the development of treatment plans have revealed a potential correlation between the nutritional status of children and the severity of the disease, suggesting that nutritional supplements may enhance treatment outcomes. Nutritional risks have been shown to correlate with disease severity and prognosis across various conditions. By investigating the relationship between severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and nutritional risk, we aim for future research to focus on identifying and addressing these risks from a nutritional perspective, thereby reducing the incidence of severe cases and promoting recovery in children.
