搜索到302篇“ INTERCROP“的相关文章
Assessing the Influence of Phosphorus Fertilization on the Growth and Yield of Maize/Soybean Intercrop by Analyzing Nitrogen Uptake
2024年
Intercropping, particularly the combination of maize and soybeans, has been widely recognized for its potential to improve nitrogen uptake and promote sustainable agriculture. This study examines the patterns of nitrogen uptake in maize and soybean intercropping systems under different growth stages and phosphorus fertilization levels and investigates the influence of nitrogen uptake on growth parameters such as plant height, leaf area, and biomass accumulation in the maize/soybean intercrop under different phosphorus fertilization regimes. The study also collected chlorophyll samples at different growth stages of maize in monoculture and intercropping with maize or soybean. The results showed that plant height was greater in V10 in both fertilized and unfertilized treatments for intercropped maize and soybean, and chlorophyll concentration was higher in VT intercropped maize. The results also showed a higher accumulation of biomass. Understanding the growth dynamics of these plants in monoculture and intercropping systems and the impact of fertilization practices is crucial for optimizing crop productivity and sustainability in agricultural systems.
Bertha MagomboChunjie LiBenjamin Kolie
关键词:INTERCROPPINGFERTILIZATIONCHLOROPHYLL
施氮制度及间作对燕麦氮素吸收和土壤氮素的影响被引量:1
2024年
【目的】研究不同的施氮制度对燕麦/豌豆间作体系中燕麦的吸收情况以及对土壤氮素的影响。【方法】采用随机区组试验设计,设N0(不施氮)、N1(基肥20%+分蘖期追肥20%+开花期追肥60%)、N2(基肥20%+分蘖期追肥30%+开花期追肥50%)和N3(基肥20%+分蘖期追肥40%+开花期追肥40%)4个施氮制度;3种种植模式(燕麦/豌豆间作、燕麦单作和豌豆单作),研究施氮制度对间作燕麦氮素吸收和土壤氮素的影响。【结果】施氮制度和间作对燕麦籽粒产量、氮素吸收和土壤氮素影响显著。间作燕麦籽粒产量在N2处理下最大,较N3增产22.48%。随着生育期的推进,在拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期和成熟期间作燕麦的吸氮量较单作燕麦分别提高了26.5%、15.8%、7.3%和17.1%;间作燕麦在N2处理下吸氮量最大,为71.2 kg/hm^(2),较N0增加了49.9%。在0~20 cm土层间作燕麦的土壤全氮含量在N0、N1、N2和N3处理下分别较单作提高12.9%、11.2%、15.4%和6.9%;间作燕麦在拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期和成熟期的土壤硝态氮含量和铵态氮均高于单作燕麦。【结论】在20~40 cm土层,间作燕麦较单作燕麦的土壤全氮和硝态氮含量增加;铵态氮含量降低,但增加和降低差异不显著。
张宁赵桂琴张丽睿杜文盼柴继宽
关键词:氮素吸收土壤氮素
燕麦–绿豆间作效应及氮素转移特性被引量:4
2023年
为探究燕麦(Avena sativa)–绿豆(Phaseolus radiatus)间作效应及氮素转移特性,在不施氮肥的大田试验条件下,设置3种种植模式(燕麦单作、绿豆单作和燕麦–绿豆间作),采用传统挖根法和^(15)N同位素标记法进行研究。结果表明,间作系统中燕麦侵袭力强于绿豆,绿豆生长受到抑制。整个生育期,间作燕麦地上部干物质积累量比单作增加14.9%–33.1%,2年成熟期间作燕麦的氮素积累量比单作分别提高53.1%和44.8%;间作减少了开花结荚期绿豆氮素积累量和根瘤重量,降低了绿豆的固氮效率,绿豆的固氮效率2年平均降低23.7%,生物固氮量平均减少11.66%。间作绿豆向燕麦的氮素转移率2年平均值达31.7%,氮素转移量为212.16 kg·hm^(–2)。燕麦–绿豆间作降低了开花结荚期绿豆的根瘤固氮酶活性和固氮效率,但绿豆体内氮素转移增加了燕麦对氮素的吸收利用,实现了地上部与地下部生长的相互调节和促进,优化了农田生态系统的氮素管理。
冯晓敏高翔臧华栋胡跃高任长忠郝志萍吕慧卿曾昭海
关键词:根瘤固氮氮素吸收氮素转移
宽叶酢浆草对种植密度、氮肥和间作的适应特征被引量:1
2023年
宽叶酢浆草是云南昆明新发现的检疫性杂草,分析环境因素对宽叶酢浆草生长繁殖能力的影响,可为研究其适应性和防治提供理论依据。利用温室盆栽试验,研究4种宽叶酢浆草母球种植密度(即2、4、6、8粒/盆)在3种施氮水平(即0、200、400 mg/kg)和2种作物(即玉米、大豆)间作下,对宽叶酢浆草鳞茎子球繁殖和生长的影响。结果表明,增加氮肥施用量可以对不同母球种植密度下子球的数量、重量及百粒重产生促进作用,即当母球密度为6、8粒/盆时,随着氮肥施用量的增加,子球数量增加;当母球密度为2粒/盆时,子球重量随着氮肥施用量的增加而显著增加;当母球密度为4、6粒/盆时,子球百粒重随着氮肥施用量的增加而增加。此外,在4种不同的母球种植密度下,当施氮水平为200、400 mg/kg时,大豆对子球数量、重量和百粒重均有促进作用。但玉米在4种不同的母球种植密度下,对宽叶酢浆草子球数量、重量和百粒重的促进作用均低于大豆的作用。这些结果表明宽叶酢浆草的生长繁殖具有较强的耐密植性和耐肥性,并且大豆、玉米的种植对其没有抑制作用反而具有一定的促进作用。由此可见,宽叶酢浆草入侵农田后对农田环境具有较强的生态适应性。
余梦林周金木杨帆韩峰李有春胡生燕汤东生
关键词:种植密度氮肥适应性间作
广金钱草-何首乌间作密度对广金钱草质量和产量的影响被引量:1
2023年
以广金钱草和何首乌为试材,采用多元统计分析方法,研究了广金钱草-何首乌间作密度以及采收期对广金钱草药材质量和产量的影响,以期建立合适的广金钱草-何首乌间作模式,推动广金钱草生态种植的发展。结果表明:在所设置的何首乌种植密度内,广金钱草茎叶比、单株干质量和产量、水溶性浸出物含量均无显著变化;随着何首乌种植密度的降低,广金钱草总黄酮、无机元素的含量呈上升趋势,夏佛塔苷含量呈下降趋势;在相同的何首乌间作密度下,随着广金钱草种植密度的降低,广金钱草的农艺性状、水溶性浸出物、总黄酮和B、Mn、Fe、Zn等9种元素含量呈先增加后减少的趋势,茎叶比、单株干质量和夏佛塔苷及Ca、Ni、Mo、Sn 4种元素的含量呈增加趋势。对广金钱草农艺性状、产量、有效成分和无机元素含量进行综合分析,在何首乌行株距60 cm×40 cm,广金钱草行株距40 cm×50 cm的间作密度下,定植后218 d采收广金钱草,其产量和质量最佳。
蔡颖怡张春荣杨全马恩耀冯冲刘尉棋
关键词:广金钱草何首乌间作
果园生草对苹果园杂草控制、土壤养分及果树营养状况的影响被引量:3
2023年
【目的】研究果园生草对果园杂草防控、土壤养分和果树营养状况的影响,并对3个生草处理进行主成分分析,选出最优果园生草处理,为阿克苏地区生草制果园的土壤管理及种植模式提供理论依据和技术指导。【方法】设对照处理(清耕)、白三叶(Trifolium repens)、黑麦草(Lolium perenne)和油菜(Brassica rapa var.oleifera de Candolle)4个处理,每个处理3次重复,共12个小区。测定2017~2019年牧草和杂草地上生物量、2019年土壤养分及果树叶片营养成分含量;采用主成分分析法,分析及综合评价不同生草制度下的杂草生物量、土壤指标以及果树叶片营养指标因子。【结果】2019年白三叶处理下杂草地上生物量下降幅度最大(59.3%)。油菜处理下土壤有机质(23.90 g/kg)、土壤速效钾(164.37 mg/kg)和碱解氮含量(89.77 mg/kg)最高。与对照处理相比,3个生草处理均可显著(P<0.05)增加苹果园土壤含水量、有机质、速效磷、碱解氮,降低果园土壤容重和pH,显著(P<0.05)增加叶片中的叶绿素、磷、氮、镁、钠。【结论】苹果园生草以种植油菜为最佳。
封帆谢开云艾比布拉·伊马木万江春
关键词:果园生草土壤养分主成分
间作对玉米根系形态特征及其氮磷养分吸收的影响被引量:6
2022年
【目的】探索间作种植模式中玉米根系形态的变化与玉米氮磷养分吸收的关系,为玉米间作体系氮磷养分的优化管理提供理论依据。【方法】通过玉米/大豆间作田间试验,设玉米单作与玉米/大豆间作2种种植方式,对玉米根长、根表面积、根体积、平均根直径及根尖数5个指标进行定量分析,并测定植株全磷和全氮含量,计算植株氮磷吸收量。【结果】在小喇叭口期、抽雄期与成熟期,与单作玉米相比,间作可促进玉米生长,玉米籽粒产量显著提高35.10%(P<0.05,下同)。间作玉米单株氮含量在抽雄期显著提高10.54%,磷含量在小喇叭口期和成熟期分别显著提高12.81%和12.10%。在3个生育期,间作玉米单株氮吸收量和磷吸收量分别显著增加78.71%、26.06%、39.26%和88.15%、23.02%、46.42%。间作玉米根长在3个生育期分别显著增加23.90%、14.91%和27.49%,根表面积和根体积在抽雄期与成熟期分别显著增加18.41%、21.46%和33.39%、31.11%,根尖数在小喇叭口期与抽雄期分别显著增加15.11%和14.72%,而平均根直径无显著变化(P>0.05)。相关分析和逐步回归分析结果显示,玉米氮磷养分吸收与根系形态参数密切相关,根长和根干重对玉米植株氮吸收量影响最大,根体积与根干重对玉米磷吸收量影响最大。【结论】与单作玉米相比,间作可增加玉米根长、根表面积、根体积和根尖数,降低平均根直径,并显著提高玉米植株氮磷养分吸收量。根系形态变化是驱动间作玉米氮磷吸收增加的重要适应机制之一。
李金婷覃潇敏覃宏宇农玉琴骆妍妃韦持章韦锦坚
关键词:间作玉米根系形态氮吸收磷吸收
Evaluation of the Suitability of Some Cowpea Genotype for Maize-Cowpea Intercrop in Northern Ghana
2021年
Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute (CSIR-SARI) in collaboration with University of California, Riverside phenotyped 300 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) of Multi-parent Advanced Generation Inter-Cross (MAGIC) cowpea population from eight elite cowpea cultivars in Northern Ghana. Among the traits targeted in the phenotyping is extra early maturity suitable for Sudan Savanna agro ecological zone of Ghana. Ten selected extra early genotypes from the MAGIC population were intercropped with maize to identify genotype(s) that can maintain agronomic performances and grain yield. A field experiment was carried out at the Manga Station of SARI, Ghana during the 2018 and 2019 growing season to evaluate the ten extra-early cowpea genotypes in maize/cowpea intercrop. The experimental design used was split plot with three replications. The cropping patterns (row, strip and sole cropping) were assigned to the main plot. Ten cowpea genotypes (MAGIC 008, MAGIC 043, MAGIC 048, MAGIC 055, MAGIC 076, MAGIC 118, MAGIC 154, MAGIC 176, CB27, and SARC 1-57-2) were assigned to sub-plots. The results indicated that the number of seed per pod of the cowpea was not affected by cowpea genotype and intercrop pattern interaction;however, the interaction influenced grain yield, pod per plant, plant height, 50% flowering and 100 seed weight of cowpea. MAGIC genotypes, M008, M048, M055, M154, recorded higher grain yield under both strip intercropping and sole cropping. SARC1-57-2 also recorded the highest grain yield under row intercropping. M048, M055, M076, M176 and SARI’s collection SARC1-57-2 were the top five genotypes in fodder production. Intercropping advantage was compared with sole cropping. Land equivalent ratio greater than 1 was observed for all the genotypes with MAGIC 048 recording the highest LER at strip intercrop
Abeku TettehFrancis KusiRaphael Adu-GyamfiPatrick Attamah
关键词:COWPEAROWINTERCROPPING
HOW MULTISPECIES INTERCROP ADVANTAGE RESPONDS TO WATER STRESS:A YIELDCOMPONENT ECOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK AND ITS EXPERIMENTAL APPLICATION
2021年
Absolute yield and land use efficiency can be higher in multicrops.Though this phenomenon is common,it is not always the case.Also,these two benefits are frequently confused and do not necessarily occur together.Cropping choices become more complex when considering that multicrops are subject to strong spatial and temporal variation in average soil moisture,which will worsen with climate change.Intercropping in agroecosystems is expected to buffer this impact by favoring resistance to reduced humidity,but there are few empirical/experimental studies to validate this claim.It is not clear if relatively higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency will persist in the face of reduced soil moisture,and how the relation between these benefits might change.Here,we present a relatively simple framework for analyzing this situation.We propose a relative multicrop resistance(RMR)index that captures all possible scenarios of absolute and relative multicrop overyield under water stress.We dissect the ecological components of RMR to understand the relation between higher multicrop yield and land use efficiency and the ecological causes of different overyield scenarios.We demonstrate the use of this framework with data from a 128 microplot greenhouse experiment with small annual crops,arranged as seven-species multicrops and their corresponding monocrops,all under two contrasting watering regimes.We applied simple but robust statistical procedures to resulting data(based on bootstrap methods)to compare RMR,and its components,between different plants/plant parts.We also provide simple graphical tools to analyze the data.
Luis GARCIA-BARRIOSYanus A.DECHNIK-VAZQUEZ
槟榔—平托花生间作对土壤养分和土壤酶活性的影响被引量:7
2020年
研究成龄槟榔—平托花生间作后土壤养分和土壤酶活性的变化,为槟榔规范化栽培、改善土壤环境以及可持续耕作等提供理论指导。以成龄槟榔—平托花生间作槟榔园为处理,以单作槟榔园为对照,开展不同种植模式下土壤养分和土壤酶活性研究及其相关性分析。结果表明:相对于槟榔单作模式,槟榔—平托花生间作模式下不同土层的土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、过氧化氢酶和蛋白酶含量均较高,其中在10~20 cm土层显著增加;在10~20 cm土层的土壤养分方面,间作模式下有机碳、全氮、全磷、速效氮和速效磷较槟榔单作模式分别显著提高了30.43%、14.28%、16.98%、14.13%、180.38%;土壤酶活性方面,间作模式下10~20 cm土层土壤蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶、中性蛋白酶和碱性蛋白酶分别比槟榔单作模式极显著提高了108.39%、16.77%、23.73%、39.17%;土壤酶活性与土壤养分大部分呈显著或极显著正相关。成龄槟榔—平托花生间作模式能够提高土壤养分含量以及土壤酶活性,改善槟榔林下土壤肥力。
颜彩缤胡福初王彩霞赵亚冯学杰李少卡王祥和陈哲郭利军范鸿雁
关键词:槟榔土壤养分土壤酶活性

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