搜索到201篇“ PALEOBIOLOGY“的相关文章
PBDB数据库在古地理重建中的重要应用进展
2024年
大数据时代的信息技术革命带来了科学研究的数字化变革,作为地球科学领域开展数字化科研重要里程碑的古生物数据库Paleobiology Database(PBDB),为古地理研究提供了重要的数据支撑。通过调研PBDB数据库平台内容及其在古地理重建中的应用实例,总结PBDB数据库目前在古地理重建中存在的问题,展望其未来的发展方向。结果表明:(1)古生物数据库包含大量的可溯源数据,是古生物领域研究的重要信息来源和成果交流平台,其中PBDB数据库具有可视化特点,能提供多种数据检索和下载方式,是古地理重建工作的首选古生物数据库;(2)PBDB数据库的分类学和采集记录数据,在约束古地理位置、修订古气候带划分方案、定量古高程古水深、校正古海岸线等古地理重建领域具有明显优势;(3)古生物数据库偏向于古生物研究领域,且古生物记录的历史可能存在偏差和不完整性,其在古地理重建中起辅助约束作用,而非绝对途径;(4)如何实现古生物数据库中数据的自动分类、筛选,如何精确约束古板块位置的相对经度,如何提升古气候、古高程、古水深等研究的精确性,是应用PBDB数据库进行古地理重建的重要发展方向。
王晓楠任强侯明才董俊玲陈安清马超钟瀚霆郑栋宇
关键词:古生物化石古地理重建
定量古生物学及重要名词释义被引量:9
2016年
定量方法在古生物学研究中的应用由来已久。经过一个半世纪的逐步发展,尤其是上世纪七十年代随着计算机技术的快速普及,各种数学理论及方法很快应用于化石的形态、分类、分布和演化过程等领域的研究,并演变出许多重要的交叉学科和新的研究方向。笔者等初步总结了中国定量古生物学近四十年的发展历史,并对当前定量古生物学的一些重要名词进行释义,以便中国同行对定量古生物学这一学科的概念、理论、方法和手段等获得较为全面的概要认识。
樊隽轩黄冰泮燕红史宇坤陈中阳陈清张琳娜杨娇
关键词:名词释义数据分析
从高等职业教育“基于工作过程”教学改革谈“古生物地史学”课程改革思路被引量:4
2015年
高职院校"基于工作过程"的课程改革,可将其分为四个阶段:首先准确定位开发思路,其次开发建设阶段,再次成果实践教学阶段,最后回馈修订阶段。课程建设需要从紧扣教育教学根本理念和行业发展需要入手,以专业培养目标为指导,充分考虑学校教育教学资源等条件,理清思路,制定策略。
焦德光吴云恩
关键词:古生物地史学高职高专课程改革
A Review of the Tetrapod Track Record in China,with Special Reference to Type Ichnospecies:Implications for Ichnotaxonomy and Paleobiology被引量:22
2013年
"Splitting" and "lumping" are perpetual problems in vertebrate, especially dinosaur, ichnotaxonomy. Chinese dinosaur ichnotaxonomy, which began in 1940, provides a series of interesting case studies, highlighting the dual problems of historical and dubious ichnotaxonomy. Chinese Mesozoic tetrapod track types have been placed into 63 ichnospecies (one Triassic, 28 Jurassic, and 34 Cretaceous), exclusive of other, non-type ichnospecies or ichnotaxa identified from China. Fifty-two (~83%) of these 63 tetrapod ichnospecies were placed in monospecific ichnogenera. At the ichnogenus level, we prune---either by recognizing nomina dubia or by synonymy--17 from the list of 53 dinosaurian ichnogenera (a 32% reduction), leaving 36 ichnotaxa that we consider valid. Most of the cuts affect Jurassic theropod ichnotaxa, which are reduced from 23 to only nine because most ichnogenera are subjective junior synonyms of Grallator and Eubrontes. Fewer Chinese Cretaceous ichnotaxa (only six of 21 ichnogenera) are obvious nomina dubia or subjective synonyms, suggesting greater east Asian endemism during this time. Because ichnospecies differences are subtle, we provisionally retain ichnospecies as valid pending detailed comparative analyses of congeneric ichnospecies. This synthesis is long overdue and is necessary to address problems of historical and provincial ichnotaxonomy, which severely hamper comparisons of tetrapod ichnofaunas in space and time.
Martin G.LOCKLEYLI JianjunLI RihuiMasaki MATSUKAWAJerald D.HARRISXING Lida
关键词:BIRDSMESOZOIC
地点覆盖度、集合群落、地质时期动物群:联接古生物学和现代种群生物学的概念
2007年
在古生物群落中新近出现的地点覆盖度或发生率的概念,以及对生物集合种群的空间动态学的深入了解,使古生物学和现代生物学的联系更加紧密。集合群落的概念以及地质时期动物群的古生物学认识显示,将古生物学和生态学结合在一起是大有希望的。评述了目前对这些概念的理解,并以欧亚大陆大型食草动物群落的发育作为范例,介绍了运用这些理论来研究化石记录的方法。研究结果表明,化石记录中种群覆盖度的研究可以在以化石为基础的进化研究和以现生有机体为基础的进化研究之间架起一座桥梁。地点覆盖度最大的类群,像现代生态学中发生率最大的类群一样,往往是地理分布最广泛、在当地最丰富的类群。
Jussi T.ERONEN
关键词:欧亚大陆
LATE CENOZOIC RAPID UPLIFT OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU AND FORMATION OF ASIAN MONSOON SYSTEM:EVIDENCE FROM PALEOMAGNETISM AND PALEOBIOLOGY OF RED BED-BOULDER CONGLOMERATE SEQUENCES ALONG THE NORTHERN TIBET PLATEAU
2000年
Timing of uplift of the Tibetan Plateau is a fundamental work to understand global climatic change and mountain\|building mechanism. Because most of the evidence comes from the Himalaya\|South Tibet, the northern margin of the Plateau may hold the key to unravel a whole view of the Plateau uplift history, in which basin sediments are the most important part because they have continuously recorded the history of pure surface uplift in related mountains. In the whole foredeep bordered by the North Marginal Thrust (Kunlun—Altun—Qilian—Longmen Trusts) along the northern and eastern Tibetan Plateau, thick Cenozoic stratigraphy is widely distributed and records the whole history of the Plateau uplift process. It can be lithologically divided in three large units from top to bottom: light colored sediments, boulder conglomerate and red bed. The red bed is mostly fine sediments of lacustrine and/or fluviolacustrine origins and the boulder conglomerate has been long thought as evidence of rapid uplift of the Tibetan Plateau. The light colored sediments are mostly eolian and/or fluviolacustrine deposits or desert\|gobi sediments. Thus, to date the boulder conglomerate holds the key to unravel the Plateau uplift. We chose the Linxia Basin in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau and Jiuquan Basin in the northern Qilian Mountains as two pilot controlling sites to reconstruct the history of uplift process of the Tibetan Plate au and its accompanied climatic change and to see if a coupling process would ex ist between the uplift of the Plateau and Asian monsoon system.
Fang Xiaomin, Li Jijun, Zhao Zhijun, Yan Maodu, Ma Yuzhen
关键词:RAPIDSYSTEM
古生物物种分异度计算和绘图的计算机化被引量:2
2000年
从Basic程序出发 ,方便、快捷、准确地绘制出了物种分异度图 ,并与其它应用软件资源共享 ,绘制出的图件显得整洁、美观 ,充分显示了计算机技术的优越性。
朱弟成林丽朱利东
关键词:计算机技术BASIC程序古生物
Paleomagnetic Polarity Research of Paleobiology Boundary(Bed27) of Meishan,Changxing,Zhejiang Province
1998年
The magnetostratigraphic sampling was carried out respectively in the inside part (14 cm away from the section surface along the bed) and outside part (5 cm away from the section surface along the bed) with no interval at the same bed (Bed 27) which the paleobiology boundary (PBB) of A and D sections lies in of Meishan, Changxing. This research shows that the deep samples suffered slighter secondary magnetization than the shallow ones did and in comparison with D section ’s samples, the samples of A section sustained slighter secondary magnetization. On the bases of the data, the secondary magnetization influence of which is relatively weak, this paper obtains the conclusion that the bed, in which the paleobiology boundary lies, lies within the reverse polarity subzone.
Zhu Yanming Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074 Morinaga Hayao Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Himeji Institute of Technology, Himeji 672 22, Japan
关键词:MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHYMEISHAN
古生代珊瑚研究与理论古生物学有关问题被引量:3
1995年
本文首先介绍了理论古生物学的几个主要方面,包括:演化程式方面的种系渐变论、间断平衡论和间断渐变论、宏演化和微演化、新灾变论和均一论;分类学方面的分支系统学、进化系统学和数值分类学;生物古地理学方面的扩散模式和隔离分化模式;还有生物结晶学和生物矿物学,然后简要回顾了珊瑚的研究历史,讨论了古生代珊瑚骨骼形成的基本形式、骨骼结构的基本单元和组合方式、系统分类与演化阶段及全球生物古地理,最后提出了古生物学研究的两个主要方向:一是理论概念的更新,着重强调构造活动论和地壳发展阶段论在理论古生物研究中的意义,二是新技术、新方法的应用。
王鸿祯
关键词:珊瑚古生代古生物学
北美古被子植物系统学与生态学研究现状与发展
1991年
古被子植物学近年在世界范围内得到迅猛发展,取得了引人注目的成果.本文概括介绍了北美古被子植物系统学、古生态学的新理论和新方法以及主要研究方向和突出的成果.在系统学领域中,叶结构的分类思想,各种不同的标本处理方法,大大地提高了化石鉴定的精确程度;对演化和植被史的研究取得了较快的发展.被子植物个体生态的复原和群落的重建,一直是被子植物古生态研究的重点.利用植物化石指示古气候,以及植物化石埋藏学也取得了较大的成就.本文还预测了该学科在90年代发展的趋势.
杨洪孙振波
关键词:系统学生态学