利用Sea Bat 7125多波束测深系统,对长江河口南港河段进行了沙波的高分辨率观测研究。结果表明:南港河段沙波发育广泛。统计的沙波中,最小波高0.12m,最大波高达3.12m;最小波长为3.12m,最大波长为127.89m。其中,南港上段、南港中段主航道、南港下段沙波陡坡有向海倾斜的趋势,而南港中段主航道南侧沙波陡坡有向陆倾斜的趋势。
The tidal current duration (TCD) and velocity (TCV) and suspended sediment concentration (SSC) were measured in the dry season in December, 2011 and in the flood season in June, 2012 at the upper part of the North Channel of Changjiang Estuary. They were assimilated with the measured data in 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2007, using the tidal range's proportion conversion. Variations in TCD and TCV, preferential flow and SSC have been calculated. Influences of typical engineering projects such as Qingcaosha fresh water reservoir, Yangtze River Bridge, and land reclamation on the ebb and flood TCD, TCV and SSC in the North Channel for the last 10 years are discussed. The results show that: (1) currently, in the upper part of North Channel, the ebb tide dominates; after the construction of the typical projects, ebb TCD and TCV tends to be larger and the vertical average ebb and flood SSC decrease during the flood season while SSC increases during the dry season; (2) changes in the vertical average TCV are mainly contributed by seasonal runoff variation during the flood season, which is larger in the flood season than that in the dry season; the controlling parameters of increasing ebb TCD and TCV are those large-scale engineering projects in the North Channel; variation in SSC may result mainly from the reduction of basin annual sediment loads, large-scale nearshore projects and so on.