The meniscus shell plays an important role in slab quality and process operation for continuously cast steel. One decisive reason is initial solidifying shell and growing dendrite under the mechanical stress caused by mold oscil- lation and liquid steel flow to generate disturbance of casting. The mechanical state of meniscus shell was analyzed using mathematical models in combination with thermo-physical properties and flow rate of steel to shed light on the formation of initial defects. The results show that the mold oscillation is a critical factor on the initial crack formation because the periodic stress makes the shell bending. The formed crack may also expand and propagate due to the fol- lowing secondary cooling and straightening behavior. The primary dendrite has high possibility to be broken by fluid flow in the solidification front to lead to the non-uniform thickness of solidifying shell. The inter-dendrite bridging is also likely to be formed to produce other internal defects, such as air hole and solute enrichment in the residual mol- ten steel located in the bridging area.
连铸结晶器振动冲击对连铸坯初始裂纹形成影响显著。研究考虑弯月面初凝坯壳为简支梁,基于材料力学理论和非正弦振动波形分析结晶器振动周期典型时刻初凝坯壳凝固前沿受渣道压力和钢水静压力所形成非均布载荷时的力学状态,进而定量分析初始裂纹的形成可能,并计算振动参数变化对初凝坯壳受弯曲应力的影响,以阐明控制初始裂纹工艺措施。研究表明,弯月面初凝坯壳垂直拉坯方向最大弯曲应力可达148.4 k Pa,而固相分率为0.9的固态坯壳临界断裂应力仅为14.7 k Pa,极易使得初凝坯壳凝固前沿产生初始裂纹;振频、振幅各降低75 min-1、1.5 mm,非正弦振动因子增大0.15时,最大弯曲应力值分别减小约36.3、24.6、16.4 k Pa;适当降低振频和振幅,增大振动因子可抑制坯壳初始裂纹的形成。
A three-dimensional finite-element model of slab continuous casting mold was conducted to clarify the effect of cooling structure on thermal behavior of copper plates. The results show that temperature distribution of hot surface is mainly governed by cooling structure and heat-transfer conditions. For hot surface centricity, maximum surface temperature promotions are 30 ℃and 15 ℃ with thickness increments of copper plates of 5 mm and nickel layers of 1 ram, respectively. The surface temperature without nickel layers is depressed by 10 ℃ when the depth increment of water slots is 2 mm and that with nickel layers adjacent to and away from mold outlet is depressed by 7℃ and 5 ℃, respectively. The specific trend of temperature distribution of transverse sections of copper plates is nearly free of cooling structure, but temperature is changed and its law is similar to the corresponding surface temperature.
