以COD为指标,采用单因素和正交实验探讨了生物质炭处理垃圾渗滤液的优化条件,并在该条件下比较了渗滤液色度、BOD_5、氮、全盐的去除效果以及大麦毒性效应的变化情况。结果表明,生物质炭吸附COD的优化条件为投加量50 g/L、温度30℃、p H 5.5、时间48 h,该条件下渗滤液的色度明显下降,COD、BOD_5、NH_3-N、全盐的去除率分别达到83.00%、82.55%、26.42%、12.28%;经生物质炭处理后的垃圾渗滤液,对大麦种子萌发率、幼苗根长、芽长、鲜干质量的抑制作用明显减弱,对叶绿素的生成作用明显促进,且能够有效抑制大麦的脂质过氧化作用。综合表明,生物质炭在垃圾渗滤液处理方面具有很好的应用前景。
Coking wastewater has caused serious health risk in coal-producing areas of China, however its toxic effects have not been well understood. The genotoxicity induced by coking wastewater on mice in vivo and its possible oxidative mechanisms were investigated via observing the induction of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes of mouse bone marrow, and subsequently determining the antioxidative enzyme activities （superoxide dismutase Cu, Zn-SOD, Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase, and catalase）, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance contents and protein carbonyl levels in brains and livers of mice. Results showed that the tested coking wastewater caused a significant increase of micronucleus frequencies in a concentration-dependent manner. Also, the sample increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation levels, which was accompanied by changes in antioxidative status. Interestingly, pre-treatment with an antioxidant （vitamin C） led to a statistical reduction in the micronucleus frequency caused by coking wastewater. This implies that coking wastewater induces evident genetic damage in mammalian cells, and exposure to polluted areas might pose a potential genotoxic risk to human beings; in the process, oxidative stress played a crucial role.
