We s tudied seasonal habitat use of black muntjacs in the Jiulong Mount ain and Gutian Mountain Nature Reserves in Zhejiang Province, April 2002-Decembe r 2003 based on indirect sign (e.g., tracks, feces). We assumed that abun dance of sign functioned as a surrogate for intensity of use. During the 20-mon t h sampling period, we quantified 11 ecological factors in 141 sample plots. Black muntjac vegetation use varied significantly with season. Variati on in muntjac use of vegetation types were primarily related to seasonal changes of food resources and concealment conditions. Durin g spring, autumn and winter, muntjacs mostly used middle and lower portions of mountainsides, whereas they used upper portions of mountains during summer. Varying seasonal use of elevation mos t likely accounted for slope effects. We found no evidence of seasonal va riation in muntjac use of slope, aspect, rock exposur e, distance from water or level of human disturbance.
黑麂,为我国特有动物,被公认为目前世界上最珍稀的鹿科动物之一。为了更好地保护黑麂这一珍稀的濒危野生动物,基于黑麂线粒体控制区序列对遂昌分布中心的3个黑麂种群的遗传多样性和基因流进行了研究。结果显示,3个种群的36个个体中有13个变异位点,占分析序列长度的2.71%,且这13个变异位点皆为碱基置换,并未出现碱基插入或缺失的现象,并由此定义了12个单倍型。遗传多样性检测结果显示遂昌种群具有最高的遗传多样性,应予以优先保护。从Tajima′sD和Fu and Li′sD值的估算结果来看,这3个黑麂种群相对于中性进化的歧异度并没有明显的偏离(P>0.1),没有明显的证据显示这3个黑麂种群间存在很强的平衡选择。3个种群间基因流Nm均大于1,这3个黑麂种群间存在着较为丰富的基因流。3个黑麂种群单倍型间的序列差异为0.009,这表明这3个黑麂种群的单倍型未出现分化。
