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深海浅钻在富钴结壳资源勘查中的应用被引量:6
2015年
富钴结壳是一种具有战略意义的深海矿产资源。深海浅钻能够定点获取结壳岩芯样品,是目前富钴结壳资源勘查最重要的方法之一。总结了"海洋六号"船1.5m深海浅钻在大洋23,27和29航次中的应用情况,针对其完成的166个浅钻钻位、获取得142个岩芯样品的结壳厚度、基岩类型、取样长度以及施工难度等进行了统计和分析。结果表明:深海浅钻取样长度和地层类型有着密切的关系。
于彦江段隆臣刘方兰田烈余孙大伟
关键词:富钴结壳资源勘查
深海浅钻在海洋区域地质调查中的应用被引量:15
2013年
深海浅钻是集机、电、液、光等多学科于一体的复杂系统,能够实现定点获取岩石样品,主要应用于深海底矿产资源勘探和深海底地质调查等方面。"海洋六号"船配备的深海浅钻是目前国内先进的光电复合缆供电取样钻机,并首次应用到我国海洋区域地质调查中,成功钻获3个岩石样品和2个沉积物样品,为进一步研究南海矿产资源及深海过程演变等提供了基础资料。
于彦江胡波姚永坚田烈余孙大伟
关键词:海洋区域地质调查
Opening and evolution of the South China Sea constrained by studies on volcanic rocks:Preliminary results and a research design被引量:52
2012年
The South China Sea (SCS) is characterized by abundant seamounts, which provide important information about the evolution of the SCS and related deep processes. Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings comprises three stages relative to the spreading of the SCS:prespreading (>32 Ma), syn-spreading (32-16 Ma), and post-spreading (<16 Ma). The pre-spreading magmatism predominantly occurs on the northern margin of the SCS and in South China coastal areas and shows a bi-modal affinity. The syn-spreading magmatic activity was very limited on the periphery of the SCS, but may be concentrated in the SCS. However, seafloor samples of this stage are not available yet because of overlying thick sedimentary deposits. Post-spreading magmatism is widespread in the central and southwest sub-basins of the SCS, Hainan Island, Leizhou Peninsula, Thailand, and Vietnam. These are mainly alkali basalts with subordinate tholeiites, and display OIB-type geochemical characteristics. The Dupal isotope anomaly and presence of high-magnesian olivine phenocrysts suggests their possible derivation from the Hainan mantle plume. The temporal and spatial distribution of Cenozoic volcanism in the SCS and its surroundings may be accounted for either by plate stress re-organization before and after SCS spreading, or by ridge suction of plume flow during opening of the SCS. If the latter is the case, the volcanic rocks within the SCS basin may not be typical mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORB). It remains puz-zling, however, that the transition between the South China continental margin and the SCS basin does not have features typical of a volcanic rifted margin. Clearly, the relationship between mantle plume and SCS opening needs further evaluation. A better un-derstanding of the link between deep processes and opening of the SCS not only requires enhanced studies on igneous petrogene-sis, but also is heavily dependent on systematic sampling of seafloor rocks.
XU YiGangWEI JingXianQIU HuaNingZHANG HuiHuangHUANG XiaoLong
关键词:火山岩岩浆活动
Automatic ^(40)Ar/^(39)Ar Dating Techniques Using Multicollector ARGUS VI Noble Gas Mass Spectrometer with Self-Made Peripheral Apparatus被引量:12
2018年
A new fully automatic ^40Ar/^39Ar laboratory with a Thermo Scientific ARGUS VI mass spectrometer has been established in China University of Geosciences (Wuhan). We designed and developed a mini efficient preparation system (80 mL), a CO2 laser for heating samples, a crusher for extracting fluid inclusions within K-poor minerals and an air reservoir (31 L) and pipette (0.1 mL) system. The ARGUS VI mass spectrometer is operated by the Qtegra Noble Gas software, which can control the peripheral accessories, such as pneumatic valves, CO2 laser and crusher through a PeriCon (peripheral controller). The experimental procedures of atmospheric argon ana- lyses, ^40Ar/^39Ar dating by laser stepwise heating and by progressive crushing in vacuo, can be fully automatically performed. The weighted mean of atmospheric ^40Ar/^36Ar ratios is 302.22+0.03 (1σ, MSWD=0.74, n=200), indicating that air reservoir and pipette system and the whole instrument sys- tem are very stable. This laboratory is a successful pioneer example in China to establish a new no- ble gas laboratory with self-made peripheral accessories expect for the mass spectrometer.
Xiu-Juan BaiHua-Ning QiuWen-Gui LiuLian-Fu Mei
用火山岩制约南海的形成演化:初步认识与研究设想被引量:27
2012年
同其他边缘海相比,南海海山众多,且分布广泛,记录了南海演化以及相关深部过程的重要信息.南海及邻区的火山作用可分成3期:南海张开之前(pre-spreading,>32Ma),张开期间(syn-spreading,32~16Ma)和张开期后(post-spreading,<16Ma).南海张开之前的岩浆活动(64~35Ma)主要局限在南海北缘和华南沿海一带,以双峰式火山岩为基本特征.南海扩张期岩浆活动在南海周边的分布非常少见,而主要分布于南海海盆,但由于海盆中沉积物非常厚,至今未获得该期岩浆的样品.南海扩张期后的岩浆活动广泛分布于中央海盆、西南次海盆、海南岛、雷州半岛、泰国、越南等地,以碱性玄武岩为主,少数为拉斑玄武岩,具有OIB地球化学特征,源于DM-EM2之间的混合地幔源,显示DUPAL同位素异常;火山岩中橄榄石斑晶的Fo含量达90.7%,表明火山岩可能是海南地幔柱活动的产物.南海及邻区新生代火山岩的时空分布可能与南海扩张过程中洋中脊对地幔柱的抽吸作用(ridge suction)有关,如是,南海海盆火山岩可能不是典型的MORB.但令人费解的是,华南大陆边缘-南海海盆的过渡带不具备火山裂解边缘(volcanic rifted margin)的特点.显然,地幔柱活动与南海张开之间的关系尚需进一步的研究.在南海重大研究计划的实施过程中,只有有效规划和组织海底火山岩样品的采集,并加强火山岩成因和深部动力学研究的联系,才能阐明深部过程与南海张裂演化之间的联系.
徐义刚魏静娴邱华宁张辉煌黄小龙
关键词:火山作用裂解南海扩张
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