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国家自然科学基金(31270458)

作品数:10 被引量:23H指数:3
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二甲基亚砜(DMSO)对泥鳅精子运动的影响
2016年
泥鳅(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)的精子,在精浆和等渗的电解质溶液中不运动,在蒸馏水、低渗的电解质和非电解质溶液中与其它淡水鱼类精子运动没有明显区别.在高渗的二甲基亚砜DMSO溶液中,泥鳅精子的运动表现为随着溶液浓度的升高,激活所需要的时间越来越长,最大运动率逐渐降低,运动时间相对延长.为此,提出渗透压调节精子运动的假说.
刘国翠胡家会
关键词:泥鳅精子运动渗透压
黑线仓鼠自身生存和繁殖输出间的权衡不受温度影响被引量:1
2015年
为阐明野生小型哺乳动物哺乳期能量收支对策,深入理解最大持续能量摄入(Sus EI)限制的因素和机理,测定了不同环境温度下(21℃、30℃和5℃)与哺育不同胎仔数(自然胎仔数Con、减少Minus和增加胎仔数Plus)的黑线仓鼠哺乳期体重、摄食量、基础代谢率(BMR)、非颤抖性产热(NST),以及褐色脂肪组织(BAT)细胞色素C氧化酶(COX)活性、血清T3、T4和催乳素水平。结果显示,哺乳期体重显著降低,摄食量显著增加,21℃和30℃组间差异不显著。最大持续摄食量约为14 g/d,Minus组分别比Con组和Plus组低20.3%和18.6%。温度对摄食量的影响显著,5℃下摄食量达16 g/d,比21℃和30℃组高14%(P<0.05)。Con组和Minus组胎仔数维持稳定,而Plus组胎仔数显著降低,断乳时Con组和Plus组胎仔数差异不显著。Minus组胎仔重显著低于Con组和Plus组。断乳时Minus组平均幼体体重比Con组和Plus组分别高17.9%和24.9%(P<0.05)。5℃下BMR、NST、COX活性、血清T3、T4和催乳素水平显著高于21℃和30℃,而21℃和30℃组间差异不显著。结果表明:黑线仓鼠Sus EI水平为5×BMR,低温下可通过增加能量摄入应对代谢产热的能量支出,在自身维持和繁殖输出之间采取了"权衡分配"的能量学策略,研究结果支持热耗散限制假说,也符合外周限制假说的预测。
赵志军
关键词:黑线仓鼠繁殖输出基础代谢率产热温度胎仔数
低温对黑线仓鼠能量代谢、抗氧化能力和氧化应激的影响被引量:6
2015年
为探讨低温对机体能量代谢、器官/组织抗氧化能力和过氧化自由基水平的影响及其内在联系,本研究测定了不同时间低温和梯度低温处理的黑线仓鼠的摄食量、体重、主要内脏器官/组织的过氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、H2O2和丙二醛(MDA)水平。低温使摄食量显著增加,但未影响体重。低温暴露42 d使心脏和骨骼肌MDA水平、骨骼肌SOD活性显著升高;梯度低温使脑和肾脏H2O2水平、肝脏和骨骼肌SOD活性显著降低,使脑、肝脏、肺、肾脏MDA水平,脑和小肠SOD活性显著升高。抗氧化能力和过氧化自由基水平在不同器官之间相关性存在差异,同一器官内二者的相关性在肾脏为100%,肝脏66.7%,骨骼肌50.0%。结果表明:(1)过氧化自由基的产生与低温暴露的时间和程度有关;(2)不同器官/组织过氧化自由基水平不同;(3)部分器官/组织抗氧化酶活性的变化与过氧化自由基水平的变化密切相关,可能是防止过氧化损伤的主要防御系统。
陈可新王桂英赵志军
关键词:能量代谢氧化应激黑线仓鼠
环境温度和繁殖经历对黑线仓鼠哺乳期能量收支的影响被引量:1
2016年
为探讨环境温度和繁殖经历对黑线仓鼠哺乳期能量收支的影响,将连续3次繁殖的黑线仓鼠暴露于温度梯度降低的条件下(30—0℃,1℃/4d),使初次、第2和3次繁殖的动物分别暴露于30—20℃、20—10℃、10—0C℃,测定了哺乳期能量收支。与初次繁殖的动物相比,第3次繁殖组动物的摄食量显著增加,静止代谢率、非颤抖性产热、褐色脂肪组织细胞色素c氧化酶(COX)活性和血清T3水平显著增加,而断乳时胎仔重显著降低。结果表明:(1)低温下繁殖的黑线仓鼠处于负能量平衡,在自身维持和哺育后代的能量分配之间存在权衡,低温下产热增加,繁殖输出减少;(2)黑线仓鼠可能感知环境温度的变化,在连续降低温度的条件下降低繁殖投资,符合"季节性投资假说"的预测。
曹静王桂英赵志军
关键词:繁殖黑线仓鼠产热
日粮中添加大蒜素对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及抗氧化功能的影响被引量:9
2021年
试验研究日粮中添加不同水平的大蒜素对海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质及抗氧化功能的影响。选取800只体重相近、健康、产蛋日龄相近的海兰褐蛋鸡,按照单因素随机分组原则,分为4个处理组,每组10个重复,每个重复20只蛋鸡。对照组蛋鸡饲喂玉米-豆粕型基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮中添加0.15%、0.30%、0.45%的大蒜素。预试期7 d,正式试验期60 d。结果显示,0.30%和0.45%大蒜素组蛋鸡的采食量、产蛋率显著高于对照组和0.15%大蒜素组(P<0.05),0.30%和0.45%大蒜素组蛋鸡的料蛋比显著低于对照组和0.15%大蒜素组(P<0.05),0.30%和0.45%大蒜素组的平均蛋重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。0.30%大蒜素组的蛋壳厚度显著高于对照组(P<0.05),0.30%和0.45%大蒜素组的蛋黄相对重显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。0.30%大蒜素组蛋鸡的血清总抗氧化能力和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组相比,大蒜素组蛋鸡的血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著升高(P<0.05),丙二醛(MDA)含量极显著降低(P<0.01)。研究表明,在蛋鸡日粮中添加大蒜素可以显著提高蛋鸡的生产性能,改善蛋品质,增强抗氧化功能,最适添加量为0.30%。
王桂英曹贵玲司振书
关键词:大蒜素蛋品质抗氧化海兰褐
The role of leptin in striped hamsters subjected to food restriction and refeeding被引量:1
2014年
Food restriction (FR) and refeeding (Re) have been suggested to impair body mass regulation and thereby making it easier to regain the lost weight and develop over-weight when FR ends. However, it is unclear if this is the case in small mammals showing seasonal forging behaviors. In the present study, energy budget, body fat and serum leptin level were measured in striped hamsters that were exposed to FR-Re. The effects of leptin on food intake, body fat and genes expressions of several hypothalamus neuropeptides were determined. Body mass, fat content and serum leptin level decreased during FR and then increased during Re. Leptin supplement significantly attenuated the increase in food intake during Re, decreased genes expressions of neuropepetide Y (NPY) and agouti-related protein (AgRP) of hypothalamus and leptin of white adipose tissue (WAT). Hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) gene expression of WAT increased in leptin-treated hamsters that were fed ad libitum, but decreased in FR-Re hamsters. This indicates that the adaptive regulation of WAT HSL gene expression may be involved in the mobilization of fat storage during Re, which partly contributes to the resistance to FR-Re-induced overweight. Leptin may be involved in the down regulations of hypothalamus orexigenic peptides gene expression and consequently plays a crucial role in controlling food intake when FR ends.
Zhi-Jun ZHAOYong-An LIUJing-Ya XINGMao-Lun ZHANGXiao-Ying NIJing CAO
关键词:LEPTIN
Energy intake, oxidative stress and antioxidant in mice during lactation
2015年
Reproduction is the highest energy demand period for small mammals, during which both energy intake and expenditure are increased to cope with elevated energy requirements of offspring growth and somatic protection. Oxidative stress life history theory proposed that reactive oxygen species(ROS) were produced in direct proportion to metabolic rate, resulting in oxidative stress and damage to macromolecules. In the present study, several markers of oxidative stress and antioxidants activities were examined in brain, liver, kidneys, skeletal muscle and small intestine in non-lactating(Non-Lac) and lactating(Lac) KM mice. Uncoupling protein(ucps) gene expression was examined in brain, liver and muscle. During peak lactation, gross energy intake was 254% higher in Lac mice than in Non-Lac mice. Levels of H2O2 of Lac mice were 17.7% higher in brain(P〈0.05), but 21.1%(P〈0.01) and 14.5%(P〈0.05) lower in liver and small intestine than that of Non-Lac mice. Malonadialdehyde(MDA) levels of Lac mice were significantly higher in brain, but lower in liver, kidneys, muscle and small intestine than that of Non-Lac mice. Activity of glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) was significantly decreased in brain and liver in the Lac group compared with that in the Non-Lac group. Total antioxidant capacity(TAOC) activity of Lac mice was significantly higher in muscle, but lower in kidneys than Non-Lac mice. Ucp4 and ucp5 gene expression of brain was 394% and 577% higher in Lac mice than in Non-Lac mice. These findings suggest that KM mice show tissuedependent changes in both oxidative stress and antioxidants. Activities of antioxidants may be regulated physiologically in response to the elevated ROS production in several tissues during peak lactation. Regulations of brain ucp4 and ucp5 gene expression may be involved in the prevention of oxidative damage to the tissue.
Guo-Xiao ZHENGJiang-Tao LINWei-Hong ZHENGJing CAOZhi-Jun ZHAO
关键词:ANTIOXIDANTLACTATION
暖温经历对雌性黑线仓鼠能量代谢、产热和体脂含量的影响被引量:2
2017年
能量代谢的生理调节是小型哺乳动物应对不同环境温度的重要策略之一,为探讨暖温下代谢产热在体重和体脂适应性调节中的作用和机理,本研究将雌性黑线仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)分别暴露于暖温(30℃)1个月、3个月和4个月,测定体重、摄入能、代谢产热、体脂含量、褐色脂肪组织(BAT)细胞色素c氧化酶(COX)活性和解偶联蛋1(UCP_1)mRNA表达等。结果显示,暖温对黑线仓鼠体重无显著影响,但使脂肪含量显著增加。与室温组(21℃)相比,暖温组消化率显著升高,但摄入能和消化能显著降低;暖温下非颤抖性产热(NST)显著降低,脑、肝脏和心脏COX活性,BAT COX活性和UCP_1mRNA的表达显著下调。结果表明,暖温下降低代谢产热补偿了能量摄入的减少,机体处于正能量平衡状态,是脂肪含量显著增加的主要原因之一。脑、肝脏、心脏和BAT代谢活性降低是代谢产热降低的主要机制,与脂肪累积有关。
谭松闻靖赵志军
关键词:产热体脂含量黑线仓鼠
黑线仓鼠的BMR个体差异及其应对高脂食物的能量学对策被引量:3
2017年
为探讨高脂食物对小型哺乳动物能量代谢的影响及其与基础代谢率(Basal metabolic rate,BMR)的关系,将成年雌性黑线仓鼠(Cricetulus barabensis)分为高、低BMR组,每组再随机分为低脂、高脂食物组,驯化6周后,测定体重、摄入能和代谢率,以及消化酶活力、褐色脂肪组织(Brown adipose tissue,BAT)和主要内脏器官与肌肉的细胞色素c氧化酶(Cytochrome c oxidase,COX)活性、解偶联蛋白(Uncoupling protein,UCP)mRNA表达等。结果显示,高脂食物对高、低BMR组动物体重均无显著影响。与低脂食物组相比,高脂食物组的摄食量、摄入能和消化能显著下降,小肠脂肪酶活力显著增强,消化率明显增加,但高、低BMR组的组间差异不显著。夜间代谢水平显著高于昼间,高脂食物使高BMR组的夜间代谢率显著升高。BAT、肌肉和内脏器官COX活性不受高脂食物的影响,高、低BMR组的组间差异也不显著。高脂食物组仅肝脏UCP_2表达显著上调。结果表明,能量摄入和消化系统形态及功能的可塑性调节是黑线仓鼠应对高脂食物的主要策略;黑线仓鼠的代谢率具有显著的昼夜节律,既受高脂食物的影响,也与动物自身的BMR水平有关,但UCP表达具有组织特异性,这可能不是导致BMR个体差异的因素。
施璐璐谭松闻靖赵志军
关键词:基础代谢率消化酶高脂食物黑线仓鼠解偶联蛋白
Variation of food availability affects male striped hamsters(Cricetulus barabensis)with different levels of metabolic rate被引量:1
2018年
In the present study,we examined metabolic,morphological and neurochemical changes in male striped hamsters(Cricetulus barabensis)in response to variations in food availability.Males with low and high levels of metabolic rate(MR:L-MR and H-MR,respectively),defined by their activity MR,were compared.In Experiment 1,36-h food deprivation was found to significantly decrease MR levels,body fat content,mass of small and large intestines,and leptin gene expression in the white adipose tissues in male hamsters.Interestingly,L-MR males displayed decreased MR during both the day and night phases of circadian cycles,whereas H-MR males only showed a decrease in MR during the day(resting phase).These data indicate that individual differences in physical activity were associated with animals’different metabolic responses to food deprivation.In Experiment 2,both groups of males went through a 4-week fasting and re-feeding(re)paradigm.H-re males showed a persistent high level of MR,with decreased body fat content and a trending decrease in leptin mRNA expression,compared to L-re males.Together,our data indicate that male striped hamsters with different levels of physical activity display altered,adaptive changes in response to variations in food availability.The neurochemical involvement of such adaptive changes needs to be further studied.
Jing WENSong TANDehua WANGZhijun ZHAO
关键词:FASTINGLEPTIN
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