In order to evaluate whether or not the county units′ economy in the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan(Chang-Zhu-Tan) Urban Agglomeration was growing as expected, this study analyzed the spatial economy pattern at county-level by using the Exploratory Spatial Data Analysis(ESDA) method. In this process, the global Moran′s I and local Getis-Ord G*i indexes were employed to analyze indicators including per capita GDP and three industrials(i.e. primary, secondary and tertiary industry) from 2000 to 2010. The results show that: 1) the county units′ economy in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration has exhibited a strong spatial autocorrelation and an accelerated integration trend since 2008(Moran′ s I increased from 0.26 to 0.56); 2) there is a significant difference in economy development between the northern and southern county units in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration: the hotspot zone with high economic level was formed among the northern county units whereas the coldspot zone with low economic level was located in the southern areas. This difference was caused primarily by the increasingly prominent economic radiation effect of Changsha ′upheaval′; 3) town density, secondary industry, and the integration policy are the major contributors driving the evolution of the spatial economy pattern in the Chang-Zhu-Tan Urban Agglomeration.
针对土地利用/覆盖(land-use and land-cover,LULC)方式是否影响城市空气污染空间分异特征形成的问题,利用遥感技术和景观生态学方法分别获取长株潭城市群核心城区LULC及其景观格局,绘制空气污染物浓度与气象影响因子空间分异图,引入地理探测器定量分析土地因子在融合气象要素前后对NO2、PM10、O3、PM2.5浓度空间分布差异的贡献强度。结果表明,建设用地面积比例越高,林地越低,NO2、PM2.5浓度越高,O3越低。非建设用地区域,污染物浓度随着土地景观格局破碎度、多样性指数值增大而升高,建设用地区域反之。LULC和土地景观格局的复合因子贡献力(P:0.03~0.28)高于两者任意单独因子贡献力(P:0.01~0.11),融合气象要素后,LULC对空气污染物空间分异特征形成的因子贡献力(P:0.18~0.53)显著增强。
为避免特定区域内环境不公正现象的发生，进行空气污染暴露公正研究有利于合理分配资源，而对其评估方法开展综合性评价必不可少。利用ISI Web of Knowledge、Science Direct．中国期刊网等数据库搜索相关文献，并按空气污染暴露强度评估、社会人口统计数据预处理和统计分析3个方面进行分类整理和评价。结果显示，在空气污染暴露公正的研究中，大气污染扩散模型是精度最优的暴露评估方法；社会人口统计数据分类标准的建立需要顾及数据可获取性和研究目的；在统计分析方法的使用上，基于哑变量的多元线性回归分析和逻辑回归分析方法的解释力最强。针对当前情况，预测未来空气污染暴露公正评价研究集中在评价结果的精度优化、时空变化趋势探测和因果效应分析等方面。
