研究火炬树Rhus typhina克隆分株与荆条Vitex negundo var. heterophylla克隆分株光合生理生态日变化特征,揭示它们对火炬树单优群落下层与外缘不同光强的生态适应差异。分别火炬树单优群落下层和外缘,比较测定了火炬树与荆条克隆分株的光合日进程。结果表明:①由于光合有效辐射降低,火炬树克隆分株与火炬树单优群落内荆条竞争极为有限的光合有效辐射,群落外缘本土灌木种荆条的净光合峰值为9.183μmol.m-2.s-1,群落内荆条的净光合速率仅为1.396μmol.m-2.s-1,同时荆条净光合速率峰值还低于火炬树克隆分株。②在13:00至17:00,火炬树克隆分株在其单优群落内的Fv/Fm值高于荆条克隆分株,证实火炬树克隆分株适应弱光能力超过荆条。火炬树通过克隆繁殖形成高度的自遮荫现象,是引起火炬树克隆分株与荆条克隆分株之间光合生理生态差异的重要原因。
Taking the planning and designing of tourism orchard in Yanyang Farm of Taicang City as the study case,this paper aimed to shape this orchard into a natural,unique,cultural,participatory and sustainable modern tourism picking orchard,with the function of popularizing knowledge of flowers and fruits and displaying Hi-Tech achievements.Based on the introduction of superior new varieties of fruit trees,enhanced fruit production function,a sound basis for tourism picking orchard system will be established.The designing plan divided the whole orchard into 4 parts,which are "Spring Garden","Summer Garden","Autumn Garden" and "Winter Garden".With landscape design of fruit trees as the key part,this paper made preliminary research on landscape design of this orchard.① "Spring Garden",which aimed to show early spring in the orchard of agricultural landscape,covering an area of 0.83 hm2,the main tree species were Malus spectabilis(Ait.) Borkh.,Cerasus pseudocerasus,Armeniaca vulgaris and Vatica mangachapoi.② "Autumn Garden",which aimed to show fruitful harvest scene,covering an area of 1.67 hm2,the main tree species were Punica granatum,Crataegus pinnatifida and Diospyros kaki Linn.f.③ "Summer Garden",which aimed to provide tourism attractions for students on summer vacation,covering an area of 1.73 hm2,the main tree species were peach,plum and Prunus simonii Carr..④"Winter Garden",which aimed to provide one activity area for tourists in winter orchard,covering an area of 0.96 hm2,the main tree species were Citrus reticulate Banco and Eriobotrya japonica.This tourist orchard tried to achieve harmony unity of orchard fruit production,landscape tourism,recreational services and so on,thus providing useful references to the designing of tourist orchard in leisure agricultural farm.
