总结分析了生物质秸秆干燥动力学以及干燥热流的国内外研究进展,采用经验模型模拟粉末状玉米秸秆的干燥过程并对模型进行评价,在此基础上模拟干燥热流。结果表明:经验或半经验的数学模型是目前干燥动力学最为广泛的研究方法,R^2和X^2结果显示,Midilli et al.模型对玉米秸秆干燥模拟的效果最好;干燥热流由3部分叠加而成,其中水分蒸发热流是主要部分;需热量积分结果显示模拟值与实验值吻合较好。
A new kind of multiple metal （Cu, Mg, Ce） doped Ni based mixed oxide catalyst, synthesized by the co-precipitation method, was used for efficient production of hydrogen from bio-oil reforming at 250-500℃. Two reforming processes, the conventional steam reforming （CSR） and the electrochemical catalytic reforming （ECR）, were performed for the bio-oil reforming. The catalyst with an atomic mol ratio of Ni：Cu：Mg：Ce：AI=5.6：1.1：1.9：1.0：9.9 exhibited very high reforming activity both in CSR and ECR processes, reaching 82.8% hydrogen yield at 500℃ in the CSR, yield of 91.1% at 400℃ and 3.1 A in the ECR, respectively. The influences of reforming temperature and the current through the catalyst in the ECR were investigated. It was observed that the reforming and decomposition of the bio-oil were significantly enhanced by the current. The promoting effects of current on the decomposition and reforming processes of bio-oil were further studied by using the model compounds of bio- oil （acetic acid and ethanol） under 101 kPa or low pressure （0.1 Pa） through the time of flight analysis. The catalyst also shows high water gas shift activity in the range of 300-600 ℃. The catalyst features and alterations in the bio-oil reforming were characterized by the ICP, XRD, XPS and BET measurements. The mechanism of bio-oil reforming was discussed based on the study of the elemental reactions and catalyst characterizations. The research catalyst, potentially, may be a practical catalyst for high efficient production of hydrogen from reforming of bio-oil at mild-temperature.
