大量的研究表明,城市绿地能有效地缓解热岛效应。文章通过Web of Science检索相关文献,综述城市绿地空间格局对热岛效应的影响研究。总结了目前这一领域的研究重点,并对主要的研究方法和结果进行梳理,讨论现有研究存在的问题与不足,提出相应的改进意见和未来研究方向。目前该研究主要集中于对城市绿地格局与热岛效应之间的关系,以及由此带来的社会、环境、健康等问题。主要的研究方法是对遥感影像中的城市绿地进行提取,借助景观指数对城市绿地格局进行量化,同时通过遥感卫星数据对城市地表温度进行反演,计算城市热岛效应的强度,进而分析城市绿地格局与热岛效应之间的相关性。通过不同文献分析发现相关性结果存在一定的矛盾。未来的研究一方面需要不断完善城市绿地、城市热岛效应的测度方法,另一方面,需要从实践与战略的层面思考科学问题与规划建设问题的结合。
From the perspective of senior citizens,questionnaire survey and field investigation were carried on and analyzed in three parks in Nanjing City.The results showed that outdoor activities are the principal ways for the senior citizens to spend their time,the parks near home is their prior choice,and the radiation range of the park and greenbelt mostly is no more than 2 km;most of the senior citizens come to parks on foot and the parks are always within 30 minutes walking distance;the senior citizens always have fixed partners and groups for their exercise-dominant activities.
