于2011年3月17日～4月6日对东、黄海海域进行了大面调查,采集了45个站位不同深度的海水样品,对溶解甲烷(CH4)浓度进行了测定,并估算了其海-气交换通量.结果表明,东、黄海表层海水中溶解甲烷的浓度变化范围是2.39～29.67nmol.L-1,底层海水中甲烷浓度范围是2.63～30.63 nmol.L-1,底层浓度略高于表层,表明底层水体或沉积物中存在甲烷的源.春季东、黄海海域表、底层溶解甲烷的分布特征基本一致,即从近岸向远海逐渐降低,主要受长江冲淡水输入和黑潮水入侵的影响.春季东、黄海海域表层海水中CH4饱和度为93%～1 038%.利用Liss and Merlivat公式(LM86)、Wanninkhof公式(W92)和现场测定的风速估算出春季东、黄海海域CH4的海-气交换通量分别为(2.85±5.11)μmol.(m2.d)-1和(5.18±9.99)μmol.(m2.d)-1,根据本研究结果和文献数据初步估算出东海和黄海年释放甲烷量分别为7.05×10-2～12.0×10-2Tg.a-1和1.17×10-2～2.20×10-2Tg.a-1.春季东、黄海海域表层海水中CH4均呈过饱和状态,是大气中CH4的净源.
The distributions and seasonal variations of total dissolved inorganic arsenic （TDIAs, [TDIAs] = [As^5＋]＋[As^3＋]） and arsenite （As3.） in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea are presented hero based on the observations of 9 cruises carried out in 2000 - 2003. The study area covers a broad range of hydrographic and chemical properties. The emphasis is put on a southeast transect from Changjiang Estuary to the Ryukyu Islands （i.e. PN section） in the East China Sea to discuss the impact of terrestdal input on the marginal seas of China. Arsenic species （TDlAs and arsenite） are determined by selective hydride generation - atomic fluorescence spectrometry （HG-AFS）. TDIAs concentrations were high in the coastal area of Changjiang Estuary and decreased slightly towards the shelf region. High concentratiOns of TDIAs were also existed in the near bottom layer of shelf edge of the East China Sea which indicated another source of arsenic from the incursion of Kuroshio Waters. The seasonal variations of TDIAs in the study area depend on the hydrographic stages of Changjiang and the incursion intensity of Kuroshio Waters. Arsenite showed opposite distributions with TDIAs, with higher concentrations appeared at the surface layer of shelf region, which was positive correlated with the chlorophyll a. Biological conversion of arsenate into arsenite was hypothesized for the observed distribution pattern and its seasonal variations. The stoichoimetric ratios of As to P were estimated to be about 2×10^3 at PN Section in summer. The concentrations of dissolved arsenic in the Yellow Sea and East China Sea were comparable with other areas in the world.
