SUMMARY Since the 1980 s nitric oxide (NO), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S), the endogenous gas molecules produced from metabolic pathway, have been realized as signal molecules to be involved in the regulation of body homeostasis and to play important roles under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. The researches on these endogenous gas signal molecules opened a new avenue in life science. To explore the new member of gasotransmitter family, other endogenous gas molecules which have been regarded as metabolic waste up to date, and their biological regulatory effects have been paid close attention to in the current fields of life science and medicine. Sulfur dioxide (SO2) can be produced endogenously from normal metabolism of sulfur-containing amino acids. L-cysteine is oxidized via cysteine dioxygenase to L-cysteinesulfinate, and the latter can proceed through transamination by glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) to β-sulfinylpyruvate which decomposes spontaneously to pyruvate and SO2. In mammals, activated neutrophils by oxidative stress can convert H2S to sulfite through a reduced form of nicotinamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase-dependent process. The authors detected endogenous production of SO2 in all cardiovascular tissues, including in heart, aorta, pulmonary artery, mesenteric artery, renal artery, tail artery and the plasma SO2 content. As the key enzyme producing SO2, GOT mRNA in cardiovascular system was detected and found to be located enrichedly in endothelial cells and vascular smooth muscle cells near the endothelial layer.When the normal rats were treated with hydroxamate(HDX), a GOT inhibitor, at a dose of 3.7 mg/kg body weight, the blood pressure (BP) went high markedly, the ratio of wall thickness to lumen radius was increased by 18.34%, and smooth muscle cell proliferation was enhanced. The plasma SO2 level in the rats injected with 125 μmol/kg body weight SO2 donor was increased to 721.98±30.11 μmol/L at the end of 30 seconds, while th
背景婴儿期起病的中枢神经系统(CNS)肿瘤临床罕见,国内少见报道。目的探讨婴儿期起病的CNS肿瘤患儿的临床特征、病理类型、治疗结局及预后的影响因素。设计回顾性队列研究。方法以2011年6月至2019年12月婴儿原发CNS肿瘤病例为队列起点,采用多学科诊疗模式手术联合化疗,以2020年3月31日为随访终点,采集性别、起病年龄、有无转移、肿瘤部位、肿瘤级别、肿瘤直径、切除程度、是否化疗作为生存率(OS)和无事件生存率(EFS)的预后影响因素。主要结局指标OS和EFS的预后影响因素。结果52例初诊婴儿原发CNS肿瘤进入本文分析,男36例,女16例;诊断时中位年龄6.7(0~12)个月,起病年龄<6月龄18例,其中新生儿期起病2例。幕上33例,幕下17例,脊髓2例;肿瘤直径<5 cm 26例,≥5 cm 19例,不详7例。行手术治疗44例中,全切/次全切39例(89%),部分切除4例,非开颅活检1例,起病即转移4例。经临床和影像学诊断,评估手术风险高和经济原因等未手术治疗8例,于诊断后0.9(0~1.24)个月死亡。低级别肿瘤24例,高级别肿瘤20例。脉络丛肿瘤17例,胶质瘤11例,胚胎性肿瘤13例,非成熟畸胎瘤2例,先天性造釉细胞型颅咽管瘤1例。手术后化疗24例,复发或进展11例(其中死亡10例),EFS 13例,其中有事件存活1例。手术后未化疗20例,1例复发或进展后死亡,EFS 19例。COX回归分析显示,肿瘤非全切较肿瘤全切/次全切OS和EFS的HR分别为5.7(95%CI:1.408~23.115)和5.1(95%CI:1.260~20.731);高级别肿瘤较低级别肿瘤婴儿OS和EFS的HR分别为18.0(95%CI:2.222~146.5897)和8.3(95%CI:1.687~40.530);肿瘤部位幕下较幕上婴儿OS和EFS的HR分别为4.2(95%CI:1.563~11.291)和4.9(95%CI:1.996~12.216)。结论婴儿原发CNS肿瘤低级别肿瘤预后良好,高级别肿瘤如非典型畸胎瘤/横纹肌样瘤、伴多层菊形团胚胎性肿瘤及松果体母细胞瘤预后差,肿瘤非全切、高级别肿瘤和幕下肿瘤为影响OS和EFS�
