羊慢病毒也称小反刍动物慢病毒,主要包括绵羊梅迪–维斯纳病毒和山羊关节炎–脑炎病毒,二者主要感染绵羊和山羊,目前该病在世界范围内流行并给养羊业带来很大的经济损失。研究表明,不同绵羊品种对慢病毒易感性存在差异,这种差异表明易感性不同的绵羊可能存在遗传多样性的差异。全基因组关联分析发现绵羊跨膜蛋白TMEM154(Transmembrane protein 154)基因中的一个点突变E35K与抗病力高度相关,可以作为绵羊抗病选育的分子标记。文章详述了绵羊TMEM154基因E35K突变对抗病力的影响和当前慢病毒抗病基因研究概况,包括锌指家族、趋化因子受体CCR5、三重基序蛋白TRIM5α、载脂蛋白B m RNA剪辑酶催化多肽样蛋白3、多能发育相关基因2和4,并简要介绍了羊慢病毒特征和我国羊慢病毒病的流行状况,以期为我国绵羊养殖业和抗病选育提供参考。
[Objective] This study aimed to determine the optimal process conditions for extraction of anti-allergic active ingredient from citrus peels. [Method] Crude anti- allergic active extracts of citrus peels were extracted. Effects of extraction conditions including extraction temperature, ethanol concentration, extraction time and liquid-to-solid ratio on extraction were explored with single-factor experiment, and the extrac- tion process was optimized with orthogonal experiment. [Result] Based on the single- factor experiment and orthogonal experiment, the optimal extraction condition for crude anti-allergic active extracts of citrus peels were determined to be under extraction temperature of 60℃, ethanol concentration of 70%, extraction time of 60 min, liquid-to-solid ratio of 1：25 and twice extraction. [Concluslon] This process condition is of simple operation and high extraction efficiency, which is environment-friendly and suitable for the extraction of crude anti-allergic active extracts from citrus peels. This study provided a new approach and research ideas for the effective and rapid extraction of anti-allergic active ingredient in citrus peels.
