Bioaerosols pose a great threat to human life and health,and developing highly efficient and accurate identification and analysis methodologies for bioaerosols provides prerequisite knowledge to evaluate their toxicity on human health.In this paper,a rapid and economical method is proposed for the detection of bioaerosols based on surface-enhanced Raman scattering(SERS).The SERS substrate was prepared using an anodic aluminum oxide(AAO)template with an inverted conical(V-shaped)nanopore array structure that was subsequently deposited with Ag nanoparticles(AgNPs)through magnetron sputtering.This tailored nanostructure essentially enables the differentiated and efficient detection of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus epidermidis health risks within 10 min,along with corresponding detection limits of 103 cells/mL and 104 cells/mL,respectively.Notably,by comparing the Raman spectrum of the two bacteria obtained from the plain plane deposited with the same AgNPs,the V-shaped nanopore array structure provides a more robust enhancement effect in the Raman signal relative to the ordinary plane.More importantly,the applicability of developed AgNPs@V-shaped AAO SERS substrate was validated using ambient bioaerosols,thus emphasizing the great potential of the application of SERS-based technique for a cost-effective,rapid label-free and culture-free bioaerosol analysis without experiencing conventional time-consuming and laborious incubation processes.
Juan LiuYangyang LiuYunyun ZhangXuejun RuanHanyun ChengQiuyue GeLiwu Zhang
自然界空气中的微生物对人类生活和健康有着广泛影响。2003年暴发的重症急性呼吸综合症(SARS)、2009年的H1N1、2013年在我国首次发现的H7N9以及2019年爆发的新冠肺炎疫情使得全世界开始更加关注空气传染性疾病的传播。在多种疾病的传播方式中,空气传播具有传播途径易实现、传播广泛、发病率高等特点,而其中的生物气溶胶传播更是因其在空气颗粒物中所占比例小,可通过呼吸道、皮肤和消化道进入人体,引起感染、过敏性疾病和中毒等特点更加难以预防。所以对空气中病原体的实时监测和预警成为控制疫情传播的关键。本文主要总结了国内外关于微生物气溶胶采样技术及设备研究进展,尤其是在微生物气溶胶粒度分离与浓缩采样技术方面,结合研究现状,提出改进措施。Microorganisms in the air of nature have a wide range of effects on human life and health. The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003, H1N1 in 2009, the first discovery of H7N9 in China in 2013, and the sudden outbreak of COVID-19 this year have raised global concerns about the transmission of air infectious diseases. Among the transmission modes of various diseases, airborne transmission is characterized by easy realization of transmission routes, wide range of transmission, and high incidence rate. Among them, the biological aerosol transmission is even more difficult to prevent due to its small proportion in air particles, which can enter the human body through the respiratory tract, skin, and digestive tract, causing infection, allergic diseases, and poisoning. Therefore, the real-time monitoring and early warning of pathogens in the air become the key to controlling the spread of the epidemic. This paper summarizes the research progress of biological aerosol sampling technology and equipment in domestic and overseas, especially in the aspect of particle separation and concentration sampling technology of biological ae
Aerosols of biological origins,known as bioaerosols,in addition to having the aerosol properties,have those of a living system that offers them some enabling functionalities.From science to technology,visible progress around the world has been made in bioaerosol field before and especially during the COVID-19 pandemic.Here the roles of bioaerosol across various disciplines,including air quality,climate and human health are highlighted and appreciated in light of Anthropocene and one health concept.In particular,we recognized the importance of aerobiology under haze air pollution,allergenic pollen and bioaerosol involvement in infectious and inflammation-related non-communicable diseases.Future interdisciplinary studies focusing on the chemical and biological process of microorganisms in air,airborne transmission of emerging pathogens and allergens and the association between bioaerosol exposure and the development and variations of human microbiome and immune response are needed to elucidate the interactions of bioaerosols with the earth system.
