Objectives： To understand trends and epidemiology of STDs in Chongqing from 1998 to 2003 and to provide scientific evidence for developing preventive strategies and distributing government health resources effectively. Methods： STD case-reporting data collected from 43 counties and districts in Chongqing from 1998 to 2003 were analyzed with STD Data Management Software and Excel Software. Results： A total of 133,323 cases of eight different STDs were reported from 1998-2003. The annual incidence of all eight STDs combined was 71.89/10^5.Generally, reported cases and incidence have decreased since 2001. Although gonorrhoea diagnoses made up a significant proportion of the STD burden, this proportion decreased annually. The proportion of the STD burden attributed to Condyloma accuminatum （CA） was always above 30 percent. The proportions of non-gonoccocal urethritis, genital herpes and syphilis within the combinedSTD burden increased gradually from 1998 to 2003.Reported cases of HIV increased rapidly over this time. A total of 214 HIV cases were reported from 1998 to 2003,the majority of which were among men. For HIV, the maleto-female ratio was 1.17, but CA was found among more women than men. Incidence for all STDs was highest among 20-39 year olds, who accounted for 72.2% of reported infections. The majority of STDs were transmitted through extra-marital intercourse,accounting for 55.3%. Conclusion： The STD epidemic in Chongqing changed from 1998-2003. STD incidence declined, as a result of various factors. The epidemiology of STDs has changed.HIV incidence has increased rapidly. This indicates that the AIDS epidemic has reached a critical period. The results of this study suggest a need for readjusting control measures and redistributing health resources.
目的了解青年学生中男男性行为人群(men who have sex with men,MSM)HIV、梅毒感染率及估计HIV发病率趋势状况。方法分析2006-2009年青年学生中男男性行为人群调查资料,比较分析HIV、梅毒感染率以及估计的HIV发病率的趋势。估计HIV发病率=HIV阳性数/[(年龄-与男性发生首次性行为的年龄)之和]。结果 2006-2009年分别调查了青年学生MSM人群210、206、181人和190人,最近1次与男性肛交时安全套使用率由2006年的48.0%上升至2009年的64.3%,最近6个月与男性发生无保护性肛交的比例由2006年的71.1%下降至2009年的65.3%。2006-2009年HIV感染率为4.3%、3.9%、11.0%、11.1%,梅毒感染率为7.1%、3.9%、2.8%、5.8%,对22岁及以下年龄组的估计发病率为1.4%、0.9%、2.4%和2.5%。结论重庆市MSM人群中青年学生HIV感染率高并呈上升的趋势,估计发病率也呈上升的趋势,流行形势严峻,急需针对该人群开展艾滋病防治工作。
目的了解重庆市男男性行为人群（men who have sex with men，MSM）人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）、梅毒、丙肝病毒、生殖器疱疹病毒-II型（herpes simplex virus—II，HSV-II）感染率及其影响因素，为调整干预策略和开展针对性的干预工作提供参考。方法通过滚雪球的方法招募调查对象，由经统一培训的调查员进行面对面的问卷调查，采集血样检测HIv、梅毒、HSV-II和丙肝抗体。结果在调查的743名MSM中72．1％的人过去1年接受过干预服务，艾滋病防治知识知晓率为91．5％，最近6个月与男性发生肛交时每次都使用安全套的占36．7％。HIV、梅毒、丙肝病毒和HSV-II感染率分别为16．6％、8．5％、3．6％和3．4％。多因素Logistic回归分析结果提示，年龄（≥30岁年龄组：AOR=2．6，95％CI：1．2～5．4）、户籍所在地（中心城区外：AOR=2．4，95％CI：1．4～4．1；外省：AOR=1．7，95％CI：1．0-2．8）、过去1年有性病感染史（AOR=1．5，95％CI：1．0～2．4）和梅毒感染（AOR=6．0，95％CI=3．4～10．5）是HIV感染的独立影响因素。年龄（≥30岁年龄组：AOR=4．9，95％CI：1．4～16．9）、首次性行为年龄（〈18岁年龄组：AOR=5．3，95％ CI：1．7～16．2）、最近一次与男性发生肛交时使用安全套（AOR=2．6，95％CI：1．3～5．3）、HIV感染（AOR=6．6，95％CI：3．6～12．3）是梅毒感染的独立影响因素。结论重庆市MSM人群HIV感染率持续上升，安全套使用率仍很低，性病感染是促进艾滋病传播的重要因素，开展有针对性的干预工作是当前MSM人群艾滋病防治的艰巨而迫切的任务。
